Next-Generation Infrastructure and Technology Issues in 5G Systems

Next-generation technologies are being tried to develop for 5G wireless cellular networks nowadays by many researchers. Some key technologies provide significant improvements for 5G systems in terms of huge capacity, higher data rate, signaling overhead on the network and energy-spectral efficiency. But these technologies also bring along critical issues for 5G systems. In this paper, these major problems of 5G networks are discussed in terms of scarcity radio frequency spectrum, inter-antenna synchronization, antenna deployments in cells, network and traffic management, cost and workload. Also these challenges are expressed, presented and discussed in each section to provide prior knowledge and perspective for 5G network designers and researchers

Next-Generation Infrastructure and Technology Issues in 5G Systems

Next-generation technologies are being tried to develop for 5G wireless cellular networks nowadays by many researchers. Some key technologies provide significant improvements for 5G systems in terms of huge capacity, higher data rate, signaling overhead on the network and energy-spectral efficiency. But these technologies also bring along critical issues for 5G systems. In this paper, these major problems of 5G networks are discussed in terms of scarcity radio frequency spectrum, inter-antenna synchronization, antenna deployments in cells, network and traffic management, cost and workload. Also these challenges are expressed, presented and discussed in each section to provide prior knowledge and perspective for 5G network designers and researchers

A small vessel detection using a co-located multi-frequency FMCW MIMO radar

Small vessels detection is a known issue due to its low radar cross section (RCS). An existing shore-based vessel tracking radar is for long-distance commercial vessels detection. Meanwhile, a vessel-mounted radar system known for its reliability has a limitation due to its single radar coverage. The paper presented a co-located frequency modulated continuous waveform (FMCW) maritime radar for small vessel detection utilising a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) configuration. The radar behaviour is numerically simulated for detecting a Swerling 1 target which resembles small maritime’s vessels. The simulated MIMO configuration comprised two transmitting and receiving nodes. The proposal is to utilize a multi-frequency FMCW MIMO configuration in a maritime environment by applying the spectrum averaging (SA) to fuse MIMO received signals for range and velocity estimation. The analysis was summarised and displayed in terms of estimation error performance, probability of error and average error. The simulation outcomes an improvement of 2.2 dB for a static target, and 0.1 dB for a moving target, in resulting the 20% probability of range error with the MIMO setup. A moving vessel's effect was observed to degrade the range error estimation performance between 0.6 to 2.7 dB. Meanwhile, the proposed method was proven to improve the 20% probability of velocity error by 1.75 dB. The impact of multi-frequency MIMO was also observed to produce better average error performance

Character and Adab Education in Indonesia, Turkey, and Japan: A Comparative Study

Today's education standards have changed due to science and technology advancements. Technological developments such as the internet caused students' character development in the Industrial Revolution 4.0 to be remarkably different from the earlier generation. This study was conducted to analyze the factors of successful learning based on Auguste Comte's Law which focuses on character and adab education. This study involved comparing the education systems of three countries, Indonesia, Turkey, and Japan, to ensure successful socialization in the education system of the millennial generation. Data were collected through the observational method applied using questionnaires, interviews, and documentation from Indonesian, Japanese, and Turkey schools. This was followed by applying an analytical approach using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) on the data obtained from the integration of questionnaire data processing and literature review. So that the method used in this study can be said to be a mixed method. Based on the study's results, obtained information and the suitability of the character education system between Indonesia, Japan, and Turkey. Character education that all parties observe, such as teachers, parents, and even school principals, can improve students' attitudes and good behavior and correlates with learning success in the Industrial Revolution Era 4.0. The success factor of character education based on the integration of schools from Japan, Turkey, and Indonesia (Pesantren Tebuireng) was found to be "cooperation between teachers, parents, and evaluation of school principals and attitudes of respect for others." In addition, the results of research on character education can be associated with other attitudes such as tolerance, respect and speaking (not playing on cellphones), and acting politely

Dual band and dual diversity four-element MIMO dipole for 5G handsets

The increasing popularity of using wireless devices to handle routine tasks has increased the demand for incorporating multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) technology to utilize limited bandwidth efficiently. The presence of comparatively large space at the base station (BS) makes it straightforward to exploit the MIMO technology’s useful properties. From a mobile handset point of view, and limited space at the mobile handset, complex procedures are required to increase the number of active antenna elements. In this paper, to address such type of issues, a four-element MIMO dual band, dual diversity, dipole antenna has been proposed for 5G-enabled handsets. The proposed antenna design relies on space diversity as well as pattern diversity to provide an acceptable MIMO performance. The proposed dipole antenna simultaneously operates at 3.6 and 4.7 sub-6 GHz bands. The usefulness of the proposed 4×4 MIMO dipole antenna has been verified by comparing the simulated and measured results using a fabricated version of the proposed antenna. A specific absorption rate (SAR) analysis has been carried out using CST Voxel (a heterogeneous biological human head) model, which shows maximum SAR value for 10 g of head tissue is well below the permitted value of 2.0 W/kg. The total efficiency of each antenna element in this structure is −2.88, −3.12, −1.92 and −2.45 dB at 3.6 GHz, while at 4.7 GHz are −1.61, −2.19, −1.72 and −1.18 dB respectively. The isolation, envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) between the adjacent ports and the loss in capacity is below the standard margin, making the structure appropriate for MIMO applications. The effect of handgrip and the housing box on the total antenna efficiency is analyzed, and only 5% variation is observed, which results from careful placement of antenna elements

Signal reconstruction with adaptive signal processing methods

Çoklu hızlı işaret işleme teknikleri son yıllarda, konuşma ve görüntü sıkıştırma, istatistiksel ve uyarlamalı işaret işleme, sayısal radyo yayını gibi uygulama alanları için geliştirilmektedirler. Çoklu hızlı istatistiksel ve uyarlamalı işaret işleme yöntemleri, farklı hızlarda örneklenmiş gözlem işaretleri kullanarak, orijinal işaretin yeniden elde edilmesi problemine çözüm sağlayabilmektedir. Hazırlanmış olan bu yüksek lisans tezinde, farklı örnekleme hızlarında örneklenmiş gözlem işaretlerinden faydalanılarak işaretlerin, en küçük ortalama kareler (LMS) ve normalize en küçük ortalama kareler (NLMS) uyarlamalı algoritmaları yardımıyla geri elde edilmesi işlemi incelenmiş ve elde edilen sonuçlar karşılaştırılmıştır.Multirate digital signal processing techniques have been developed in the recent years for a wide range of applications, such as speech and image compression, statistical and adaptive signal processing, digital audio. Multirate statistical and adaptive signal processing methods provide solution to the problem of original signal reconstruction using observation signals sampled at different rates. In this thesis, the signal reconstruction process were studied and the results which were obtained were compared with least mean squares (LMS) and normalized least mean squares (NLMS) methods by using of observation signals which were sampled at different sampling rates

The effect of employee silence on organizational cynicism: Case of finance organization in Nevşehi̇r

İşgörenlerin çeşitli nedenlerden dolayı örgütsel konularla ilgili fikirlerini beyan etme hususunda sessiz kalmaları olarak tanımlanan işgören sessizliği ve işgörenlerin istihdam edildiği örgütlerine karşı olumsuz tutumları anlamına gelen örgütsel sinizm konuları araştırmacılar açısından son yıllarda çok fazla ilgi gösterilen konular arasında yer almaktadır. Bu ilgiye rağmen, literatüre bakıldığında işgören sessizliği ve örgütsel sinizm konularının birlikte ele alındığı çok az sayıda çalışmaya rastlanılmaktadır. Bu araştırmada, işgören sessizliği ve onun boyutlarının, örgütsel sinizm üzerinde nasıl bir etkiye sahip olduğunun ortaya konulması amaçlanmaktadır. Araştırmanın örneklemi Nevşehir İli Maliye Teşkilatında çalışan 203 kamu çalışanıdır. Araştırmada kullanılan veriler, işgören sessizliği ve örgütsel sinizm ile ilgili ölçeklerden yararlanılarak geliştirilen anket yardımı ile toplanmıştır. Araştırma bulgularına göre, işgören sessizliği ile örgütsel sinizm arasında pozitif yönlü ve zayıf bir ilişkinin bulunduğu, ayrıca işgören sessizliğinin örgütsel sinizmi düşük bir düzeyde açıklama gücüne sahip olduğu ortaya konulmuştur. İşgören sessizliğinin boyutları açısından bulgular değerlendirildiğinde ise; kabullenici (razı olma anlamında), savunmacı ve özgeci (toplum yanlısı) sessizlik boyutları açısından örgütsel sinizm ile herhangi anlamlı bir etkileşim göstermediği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Anahtar Kelimeler: İşgören sessizliği, örgütsel sessizlik, sinizm, örgütsel sinizm.While employee silence, refers to situations in which employees do not express their ideas about organizational topics for several reasons. The organizational cynism means the negative attitudes of the employees against the organizations in which they are employed. Recently, many researchers have greatly dealth with these topics. Despite of this interest, when examining the literature, there are a very small number of studies in which the topics; employee silence and organizational cynism are discussed together. The aim of this study is to determine the impacts of employee silence and its dimensions on organizational cynicism. The sample of this research is 203 workers in Nevşehir Finance Organization. Data used in this research was gathered by a questionnaire composed of employee silence and organizational cynicism scale. Research findings have shown that there is a positive and low interaction between the employee silence and the organizational cynism. When the findings are evaluated in terms of the employee silence's dimensions (acquiescent silence, quiescent silence and altruist (pro-social) silences); there is not any significant interaction with the organizational cynism. Key Words: Employee silence, organizational silence, cynicism, organizational cynicism

İşgören sessizliğinin örgütsel sinizme etkisi: kamu çalışanları üzerine bir araştırma

İşgörenlerin çeşitli nedenlerden dolayı örgütsel konularla ilgili fikirlerini beyan etme hususunda sessiz kalmaları olarak tanımlanan işgören sessizliği ve işgörenlerin istihdam edildiği örgütlerine karşı olumsuz tutumları anlamına gelen örgütsel sinizm konuları araştırmacılar açısından son yıllarda çok fazla ilgi gösterilen konular arasında yer almaktadır. Bu ilgiye rağmen, literatüre bakıldığında işgören sessizliği ve örgütsel sinizm konularının birlikte ele alındığı çok az sayıda çalışmaya rastlanılmaktadır. Bu araştırmada, iş gören sessizliği ve onun boyutlarının, örgütsel sinizm üzerinde nasıl bir etkiye sahip olduğunun ortaya konulması amaçlanmaktadır. Araştırmanın örneklemi Nevşehir İli Maliye teşkilatında çalışan 203 kamu çalışanıdır. Araştırmada kullanılan veriler, işgören sessizliği ve örgütsel sinizm ile ilgili ölçeklerden yararlanılarak geliştirilen anket yardımı ile toplanmıştır. Araştırma bulgularına göre, işgören sessizliği ile örgütsel sinizm arasında pozitif yönlü ve zayıf bir ilişkinin bulunduğu, ayrıca işgören sessizliğinin örgütsel sinizmi düşük bir düzeyde açıklama gücüne sahip olduğu ortaya konulmuştur. İşgören sessizliğinin boyutları açısından bulgular değerlendirildiğinde ise; kabullenici (razı olma anlamında), savunmacı ve özgeci (toplum yanlısı) sessizlik boyutları açısından örgütsel sinizm ile herhangi anlamlı bir etkileşim göstermediği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.While employee silence, refers to situations in which employees do not express their ideas about organizational topics for several reasons. The organizational cynism means the negative attitudes of the employees against the organizations in which they are employed. Recently, many researchers have greatly dealth with these topics. Despite of this interest, when examining the literature, there are a very small number of studies in which the topics; employee silence and organizational cynism are discussed together. The aim of this study is to determine the impacts of employee silence and its dimensions on organizational cynicism. The sample of this research is 203 workers in Nevşehir Finance Organization. Data used in this research was gathered by a questionnaire composed of employee silence and organizational cynicism scale. Research findings have shown that there is a positive and low interaction between the employee silence and the organizational cynism. When the findings are evaluated in terms of the employee silence’s dimensions (acquiescent silence, quiescent silence and altruist (pro-social) silences); there is not any significant interaction with the organizational cynism

Erratum to “Character and Adab Education in Indonesia, Turkey, and Japan: A Comparative Study” [Islamic Guidance and Counseling Journal 6(1) 2023]

Refers to: Huda, S., Tadjuddin, N., Sholihuddin, A., Kato, H., & Cengiz, K. (2022). Character and Adab Education in Indonesia, Turkey, and Japan: A Comparative Study. Islamic Guidance and Counseling Journal, 6(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.25217/igcj.v6i1.2973 Erratum:In the original published version of this article, the authors listed were Syamsul Huda, Nilawati Tadjuddin, Ahmad Sholihuddin, Hisanori Kato, and Korhan Cengiz. However, on September 4, 2023, Hisanori Kato from Chuo University, Japan, reached out to the Editorial Team. He clarified that he had never participated in the research and had not consented to be named as a co-author. Consequently, he requested an investigation and removal of his name from the author list. After consulting to the journal’s policy and COPE guidelines (https://publicationethics.org/retraction-guidelines), the list of authors has been updated. Hisanori Kato from Chuo University, Japan has been removed from the co-authors list